1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
5) What is bias?
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
7) What is quantization?
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording
Digital Recording
Audio Data Rate
Bandwidth
Bias Current
Calibration
Digital Audiotape
Audio Technology 
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February 16, 2010 at 10:31 am
Francisco Torres
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
As a technology, analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s. Simple enough when it’s the deviceanalog or digital phone, fax, modem, or likewisethat does all the converting for you. Digital is more widespread.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
Audio tape length and thickness – Reel to reel ¼ … There was also a 35mm width. Tapes of ½”, 1″ and 2″ width were available in many …
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.). This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow Wow. In digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, wow and flutter are usually significantly more subtle, and are referred to as jitter.
5) What is bias?
Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.[1].
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
7) What is quantization?
the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
Define the following terms:
1.Analog Recording: Analog (or analogue) recording (Greek, ana is “according to” and logos “relationship”) is a technique used to store signals of audio or video.
2.Digital Recording: In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
3.Audio Data Rate: is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files. Audio compression algorithms are implemented in computer software as audio codecs.
4.Bandwidth: a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel
5.Bias Current: is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
6.Calibration: the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; “the thermometer needed calibration”
7.Digital Audiotape: Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
February 16, 2010 at 10:35 am
Miguel Valencia, Andres Sanchez p.1 2/16/10
1. analog is regular and digital is hd.
digital is used more today.
2.Tapes of ½”, 1″ and 2″ width
3. 1.keep it in a safe place. 2. keep away from fire. 3.keep away from water. 4. handle with care. 5. keep away from children.
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines,from low to high.
5. describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result
6.The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second
7.the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
VOCABULARY WORDS:
Analog Recording- is a technique used to store signals of audio or video
Digital Recording-A system of sound recording in which sound is represented as a series of discrete electrical measurements, expressed in binary numbers
Audio Data Rate-the relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth-a data transmission rate
Bias Current-the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit
Calibration-the act of checking or adjusting
Digital Audiotape- is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 10:36 am
Zendejas, Dulce
1.) analog is more used than digital and analog is more spread.
2.) Tapes of ½”, 1″ and 2″ width
3.)
4.) measurement is carried out on audio tape machines
5.) is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective
6.) the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal
7.) the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theoryAnalog Recording
Digital Recording:is a technique used to store signals of audio or video
digital recording:n digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma
audio data rate:is quantified using the bits per second
Bandwidth:a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information that can be transmitted along a channel
Bias Current:Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit
calibration:act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; “the thermometer needed calibration”
Digital Audiotape:s a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 10:44 am
Cristian Lopez
1 Analog technology brought us Chuck Berry, Elvis, and The Beatles on vinyl records, 8-tracks, and cassettes. Using today’s digital devices, original studio analog recordings can be cleaned up, re-mastered, and distributed as digital files that sound better than those long playing records (LPs) ever did.
2Reel-to-reel, open reel tape recording is the form of magnetic tape audio recording in which the recording medium is held on a reel, rather than being securely contained within a cassette.
3 is a progressive house and electro house producer from Toronto, Canada. His extensive discography includes tracks such as “Arguru” and “Not Exactly”, which have
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components
5.influence in an unfair way; “you are biasing my choice by telling me yours
6.Sample rate conversion is the process of converting a (usually digital) signal from one sampling rate to another, while changing the information carried by the signal as little as possible. When applied to an image, this process is sometimes called image scaling.
7.the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
VOCABULARY
ANALOG RECORDING:Analog (or analogue) recording (Greek, ana is “according to” and logos “relationship”) is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital RecordingIn digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values
Audio Data RateAudio compression is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files
BandwidthIn computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication
Bias CurrentBiasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
Calibration This article does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2010)
Calibration is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital AudiotapeDigital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987
February 16, 2010 at 10:45 am
Arelie Felix
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form.In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. Digital technology.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
Reel to reel ¼”
Long play, double play, triple play
½”, 1″ and 2″
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
Keep all materials in original sleeves or boxes if possible.
Never attempt to unroll, unwind or dry tapes.
Drain excess water.
Wear disposable gloves and masks while handling
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
Wow is a relatively slow form of flutter (pitch variation).lutter is the rapid variation of signal parameters, such as amplitude, phase, and frequency. caused by atmospheric disturbances, antenna movements in a high wind, or interaction with other signals.
5) What is bias?
This refers to the level of bias voltage required by a particular tape formulation to obtain the best recording characteristics
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
Sampling is the process of selecting units (e.g., people, organizations) from a population of interest.defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
7)What is quantization?
Quantization is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording-is one where a property or characteristic of a physical recording medium is made to vary in a manner analogous to the variations in air pressure of the original sound.
Digital Recording-the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate-the bit rate is quantified using the bits per second (bit/s or bps) unit
Bandwidth-is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it (kbit/s, Mbit/s etc).
Bias Current-the bias current can flow in or out of the input terminals. The input current is modeled as current sources, Ib+ and Ib-, in parallel with the positive and negative input terminals.
Calibration-the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape- is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 10:48 am
Christian Pena
1. is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead.
2. those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths
3. Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case, and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism, open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, and that the actual tape is not touched.
4. is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994. A limited edition of 3000 7″ copies was released with hand-painted
5. Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point
6. A case study is one of several ways of doing research whether it is social science related or even socially related,number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s.v.
7. n physics, quantization is the process of explaining a classical understanding of physical phenomena in terms of a newer understanding known as “quantum mechanics”. It is a procedure for constructing a quantum field theory starting from a classical field theory
DEFINE TERMS
Analog Recording:A means of recording audio or video whereby the recorded signal is a physicalrepresentation of the waveform of the original signal.
Digital Recording:Technology that enables images from a camera to be stored on a hard drive. A digital recorder provides clearer images that video tape and faster access to them.
Audio Data Rate:The bit rate is quantified using the bits per second (bit/s or bps) unit, often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo- (kbit/s or kbps), mega- (Mbit/s or Mbps), giga- (Gbit/s or Gbps) or tera- (Tbit/s or Tbps). Note that, unlike many other computer-related units, 1 kbit/s is traditionally defined as 1,000 bit/s, not 1,024 bit/s, etc.
Bias Current:in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
Calibration:the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; “the thermometer needed calibration”
Digital Audiotape:A type of digital storage media, DATs are in a cartridge format a little larger than a credit card. The industry standard for DAT cartridge format is a digital data storage (DDS) cartridge. DDS cartridges provide sequential access.
February 16, 2010 at 10:49 am
Abraham Montes period:1
1)The primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form.
2)The tape decks of the 1950s were mainly designed to use tape ¼” wide and to accept one of two reel formats.these reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths, and were principally used for professional and studio applications.
3)It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only.
4)This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow Wow. In digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, wow and flutter are usually significantly more subtle, and are referred to as jitter.
5)Tape bias is the term for two phenomena, DC bias and AC bias, that improve the fidelity of analogue magnetic tape sound recordings.
6)sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
7)quantization is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting.
Analog Recording is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate: is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
Bandwidth or digital bandwidth: a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps)
Bias Current: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
calibration:the checking of a measuring instrument against an accurate standard to determine any deviation and correct for errors
Digital Audiotape: a magnetic tape used in the digital recording of music
February 16, 2010 at 10:50 am
crystian maldonado p.1
1)In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form.In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device.
2) ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths.
3) do not smoke or eat in the tape area; carry the hub; trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads; always
store tape in dust proof container ;do not stack tapes on top of one anoyher.
4)Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994.
5)usually referred to simply as “the bias” or “the cross-grain”, is at 45 degrees to its warp and weft threads.
6)The act, process, or technique of selecting an appropriate sample.
7)defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
Analog Recording– method of sound recording in which an input audio waveform is converted to an analogous waveform.
Digital Recording– a method of sound recording in which an input audio waveform is sampled at regular intervals, usually between 40,000 and 50,000 times per second, and each sample is assigned a numerical value, usually expressed in binary notation.
Audio Data Rate– Doubles Performance of Existing Standard, Multi-Monitor Support over Single Connector, Optional Bi-Directional Data Transport Supporting USB 2.0 and Ethernet, Support for the Mini DisplayPort Connector and Backward Compatibility with the Current DisplayPort Standard.
Bandwidth– Telecommunications. the smallest range of frequencies constituting a band, within which a particular signal can be transmitted without distortion.
Bias Current–One of the golden rules of op amp analysis says this: no current flows into either input terminal. This concept is key for analyzing an amplifier’s signal gain.
Calibration–to divide or mark with gradations, graduations, or other indexes of degree, quantity, etc., as on a thermometer, measuring cup, or the like.
DigitalAudiotape– magnetic tape on which sound is digitally recorded with high fidelity for playback.
February 16, 2010 at 10:51 am
edgar sanchez p1
Edgar Sanchez
per.1
02-16-10
1: is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form. This accounts for the difference in quality between analog and digital signals, because digital broadcasts can be re-mastered to enhance sound and visual quality. Analog signals are more limited because they can only play what has been recorded as it was originally recorded.
2: The cassette was a great step forward in convenience from reel-to-reel audio tape recording, though because of the limitations of the cassette’s size and speed, it initially compared poorly in quality. Unlike the open reel format, the two stereo tracks lie adjacent to each other rather than a 1/3 and 2/4 arrangement. This permitted monaural cassette players to play stereo recordings “summed” as mono tracks and permitted stereo players to play mono recordings through both speakers. The tape is 3.18 mm wide (nominally 1⁄8
3: 1: Do not smoke or eat in the tape area. smoke and food particles can contaminate the tape and also cause damage.
2: Carry the tape reel by the hub.
3: Trim damage tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads.
4: Always store tape in a dust-proof container when it is not in use.
5: Do not stack tapes on top of one another. store tapes vertically so they will be supported by the hub.
4: is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.). This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms.
5: Media bias refers to the bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media, in the selection of which events and stories are reported and how they are covered. The term “media bias” usually implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article
6:Sampling can be (roughly) defined as the capture of a continuously
varying quantity at a precisely defined instant in time. Most usually,
signals are sampled at a set of sample-points spaced regularly in
time.This includes analog-to-digital conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, storage, and transmission. In effect, the system commonly referred to as digital is in fact a discrete-time, discrete-level analog of a previous electrical analog.
7: is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers).
Analog Recording= is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Analog recording methods store audio signals as a continual wave in or on the media.
Digital Recording= the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate= is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.The bit rate is quantified using the bits per second (bit/s or bps) unit, often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo- (kbit/s or kbps), mega- (Mbit/s or Mbps), giga- (Gbit/s or Gbps) or tera- (Tbit/s or Tbps).
Bandwidth= a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps), Bandwidth (signal processing) or analog bandwidth, frequency bandwidth or radio bandwidth: a measure of the width of a range of frequencies, measured in hertz
Bias Current= is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point. The operating point of a device, also known as bias point, quiescent point, or simply Q-point
Calibration= is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape= (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm.
February 16, 2010 at 10:51 am
gissell gonzalez
1. The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are.
2. ½”, 1″ and 2″
3. do not smoke or eat in the tape area; carry by the hub; trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads; always store tape in dust proof container; do no stack tapes on top of another; store tapes vertically o they will be supported by the hub
4. Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components.
5. Bias refers to taking sides in an argument or belief and thinking the other side is wrong.
6. Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge.
7. Quantization is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values.
Analog Recording- a method of sound recording in which an input audio waveform is converted to an analogous waveform.
Digital Recording- a method of sound recording in which an input audio waveform is sampled at regular intervals, usually between 40,000 and 50,000 times per second, and each sample is assigned a numerical value, usually expressed in binary notation.
Audio date Rate- The relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth- the transmission capacity of an electronic communications device or system; the speed of data transfer.
Bias Current- If there is any bias current through the noninverting (+) input at all, it will drop some voltage across Rin.
Calibration- to determine, check, or rectify the graduation of (any instrument giving quantitative measurements).
Digital Audiotape- magnetic tape on which sound is digitally recorded with high fidelity for playback.
February 16, 2010 at 10:52 am
Miguel Torres
Miguel Torres
Period 1
AUDIO TECH
1) The primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form. This accounts for the difference in quality between analog and digital signals, because digital broadcasts can be re-mastered to enhance sound and visual quality. Analog signals are more limited because they can only play what has been recorded as it was originally recorded.
2) The tape decks of the 1950s were mainly designed to use tape ¼” wide and to accept one of two reel formats: Ten and a half inch reels, almost always with metal flanges, which fitted over a hub three inches in diameter. These reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths, and were principally used for professional and studio applications. The reels were known as NAB reels and the hubs on which they were mounted as NAB hubs.
3) 1: do not smoke or eat in the tape area. smoke and food particles can contaminate the tape and also cause damage 2: Carry the tape reel by the hub 3: trim damage tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads 4: always store tape in a dust-proof container when it is not in use 5: Do not stack tapes on top of one another. store tapes vertically so they will be supported by the hub.
4)is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.). This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow Wow. In digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, wow and flutter are usually significantly more subtle, and are referred to as jitter.
5) Media bias refers to the bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media, in the selection of which events and stories are reported and how they are covered. The term “media bias” usually implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article. The direction and degree of media bias in various countries is widely disputed, although its causes are both practical and theoretical.
6) The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s. The inverse of the sampling frequency is the sampling period or sampling interval, which is the time between samples.[1]
The concept of sampling frequency can only be applied to samplers in which samples are taken periodically. Some samplers may sample at a non-periodic rate.
The common notation for sampling frequency is fs which stands for frequency (subscript) sampled.
7) Quantization is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values.
Analog Recording -is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording -he analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate -the relationship between sampling rate and quantization. when audio is converted to digital it becomes data. the data rate is computed by multiplying bit depth times sampling frequency
Bandwidth -the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component
Bias Current – an extremely high frequency AC current, far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
Calibration – is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape -is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
February 16, 2010 at 10:56 am
Gissell Gonzalez
1. The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are.
2. ½”, 1″ and 2″
3. do not smoke or eat in the tape area; carry by the hub; trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads; always store tape in dust proof container; do no stack tapes on top of another; store tapes vertically o they will be supported by the hub.
4. Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components.
5. Bias refers to taking sides in an argument or belief and thinking the other side is wrong.
6. Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge.
7. Quantization is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values.
Analog Recording- a method of sound recording in which an input audio waveform is converted to an analogous waveform.
Digital Recording- a method of sound recording in which an input audio waveform is sampled at regular intervals, usually between 40,000 and 50,000 times per second, and each sample is assigned a numerical value, usually expressed in binary notation.
Audio date Rate- The relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth- the transmission capacity of an electronic communications device or system; the speed of data transfer.
Bias Current- If there is any bias current through the noninverting (+) input at all, it will drop some voltage across Rin.
Calibration- to determine, check, or rectify the graduation of (any instrument giving quantitative measurements).
Digital Audiotape- magnetic tape on which sound is digitally recorded with high fidelity for playback.
February 16, 2010 at 10:57 am
maritza saldana
1)The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead.
2)Since the widespread adoption of reel-to-reel audio tape recording in the 1950s, audio tapes and tape cassettes have been available in many formats.
3) 1.do not smoke or eat in the tape area.
2.carry the tape reel by the hub.
3.trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads.
4.always store tape in a dust-proof container when it is not in use.
5.do not stack tapes on top of one another.
4)Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.).
5)This refers to the level of bias voltage required by a particular tape formulation to obtain the best recording characteristics.
6)”Sampling” is the practice of digitally copying or transferring snippets or portions of a preexisting (copyrighted) record to make a new composition.Sample rates are measured in hertz (Hz), or cycles per second. This value simply represents the number of samples captured per second in order to represent the waveform; the more samples per second, the higher the resolution, and thus the more precise the measurement is of the waveform.
7) quantization is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting. This results in notes being set on beats and on exact fractions of beats.
February 16, 2010 at 11:00 am
Luis Serrato , yesenia castellanos
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? Analog is of a circuit or device having an output that is proportional to the input and digital is our phones, ipods, or anything computer based.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
half inch , one inch, and two inch.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994 Caused by any variation in the speed of the tape transport.
5) What is bias?
Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
Converting an analog audio to digital audio requires that the analog signal be “sampled.” Digitized audio is “sampled audio.” The common notation for sampling frequency is fs which stands for frequency (subscript) sampled.
7) What is quantization?
Instead of transmitting the exact amplitude of the sampled signal, only certain discrete value closest to the true one is transmitted.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording:is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording:the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate:In telecommunications and computing, bitrate (sometimes written bit rate, data rate or as a variable R or fb) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
Bandwidth:a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps)
Bias Current:Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an
Calibration:is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape:is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987. In appe
February 16, 2010 at 11:00 am
Sergio Gutierrez
1. Digital reads only ones and zeros and analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital is more widespread because you can use it in computers.
2. 1/2″, 1″, and 2″.
3. Store tapes at recommended temperatures and humidity, Keep tape evenly wound, Store standard size tapes upright, Correct Labeling, Stay away from stray magnetic fields.
4. Wow is when slow changes happen and flutter is when fast changes are called. It is caused when constant tape movement and tension are critical to acceptable recording.
5. The inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6. Sampling is when you take samples of the original analog signal at fixed intervals and converts them to digital data. A rate of 1/24 seconds seems to be used more.
7.Quantization is the waveform are taken, these voltages are converted into discrete quantities and assigned values.
Analog recording- method of recording in which the waveform of the recorded signal resembles the wavefront of the original signal.
Digital recording- method of recording in which samples of the original analog signal are encoded as pulses and then decoded during playback.
February 16, 2010 at 11:01 am
angel m. period#1
1.As a technology, analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s. Simple enough when it’s the deviceanalog or digital phone, fax, modem, or likewisethat does all the converting for you.Digital is more widespread today.
2.Tapes of ½”, 1″ and 2″ width are available in many professional formulations, especially but not only formulations of 35 µm thickness (the thickness known as long play when used as ¼” tape). The wider tape also made it possible to produce professional quality tapes of about 25 µm thickness (the thickness known as double play in ¼” applications) in ½” and wider formats.
3. no smoking or drinking, carry the tape reel by the hub, store tape in a dust-proof container, dont stack tapes, keep away from heat
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components
5. the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium
6.”Sampling” is the practice of digitally copying or transferring snippets or portions of a preexisting (copyrighted) record to make a new composition
7.Quantization is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values.
February 16, 2010 at 11:02 am
Nancy Ruiz P.1
1.In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form. n digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. Digital is used more widespread because it is easier to manage.
2. The tape decks of the 1950s were mainly designed to use tape ¼” wide.
3. -Do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape.
-Magnetic tape must be kept clean in order to prevent scratching and deterioration.
-if the tapes need permanent preservation, they should be stored at 46-50 degrees Fahrenheit at 20-30% relative humidity.
-Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism.
-Recommended methods for removing dust on tapes include using a small vacuum with a hose or wipe with 3M Tape Cleaning Fabric.
4. Irregularities in the playback speed of analog recordings. Caused by any variation in the speed of the tape transport.
5. Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
6. Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge about a population of concern, especially for the purposes of statistical inference. In the world of digital audio recording, the most common sample rates are 44.1kHz and 48kHz.
7. the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory.
terms:
-Analog (or analogue) recording (Greek, ana is “according to” and logos “relationship”) is a technique used to store signals of audio or video.
-Technology that enables images from a camera to be stored on a hard drive.
–
-a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel.
-Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit.
February 16, 2010 at 11:02 am
Rocio Lua per1
1. analog describes a device or system that represents changing values as continuously variable physical quantities. Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros. Computers are digital machines because they can only read information as on or off – 1 or 0. Digital is more widespread today.
2.Ten and a half inch reels, almost always with metal flanges, which fitted over a hub three inches in diameter. These reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths
3. no smoking or drinking, carry the tape reel by the hub, store tape in a dust-proof container, dont stack tapes, keep away from heat generating equipment.
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components, caused by speed fluctuations.
5.Bias- the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium. In magnetic-tape recording, ultrasonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwise be highly distorted,
6. Sampling- (1)Examining an analog signal at regular intervals defined by the sampling frequency.(2) A process event, acoustic or electroacoustic, is stored on disk or into a memory.
7. quantization- converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete.
8. Analog Recording- is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording- a method of recording in which samples of the original analog signal are encoded as pulses and then decoded during playback.
Audio Data Rate- the relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth-a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps)
Bias Current- an extremely high frequency AC current, far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information
February 16, 2010 at 11:28 am
Tenshi(Angel Reyes) N FRESHMAN
1. ANALOG RECORDS WAVEFORMS WHILE DIGITAL REDRAWS THE ANALOG WAVEFORM.
2.½”, 1″ and 2″ width
3.
4.THE CHANGES IN FREQUENCY OF A RECORDED SOUND, WHICH IS CAUSED BY SPEEDING UP THE VIBRATIONS
5. IN AUDIOABLE DC OR AC SIGNALS
6. THE TAKING OF BITS OF MUSIC TO USE’EM FOR THEIR OWN. DRUM BEATS.
7A. A METHOD F RECORDING WERE THE WAVE FORM IN RECORDED
7B. A METHOD OF RECORDING WERE THE ORIGINAL ANALOG IS ENCODED AS PULSES.
7C. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAMPLING RATE AND QUANTIZATION.
7D. DIFFRENCES BETWEEN THE UPPER AND LOWER FREQUENCY COMPONENTS.
7E. AN EXTREEMLY HIGH FREQUENCY AC CURRENT.
7F. ADJUSTING THE EQUIPMENT
7G.CASSET TAPE.
February 16, 2010 at 11:31 am
EDGAR LEON
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
5) What is bias?
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
7) What is quantization?
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording
Digital Recording
Audio Data Rate
Bandwidth
Bias Current
Calibration
Digital Audiotape
February 16, 2010 at 11:34 am
Diego Alvarado
1.In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form.In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device.
2. 1/4, 1/2, 1″ and 2″
3. -carry tape reel by hub. -trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads. – store tape in a dust-proof container when not in use. – don’t stack tapes on top of one another, stack them vertically.
4. Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994.
5.Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6.n auditing, sampling is an inevitable means of testing.The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
7.the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
February 16, 2010 at 11:34 am
Ivan Corona
1.In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form.In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device.
2. 1/4, 1/2, 1″ and 2″
3. -carry tape reel by hub. -trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads. – store tape in a dust-proof container when not in use. – don’t stack tapes on top of one another, stack them vertically.
4. Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994.
5.Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6.n auditing, sampling is an inevitable means of testing.The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
7.the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
February 16, 2010 at 11:40 am
Clara Villanueva Isidro Sevilla P2
1.analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s.
2.in 6.35 mm(1/ 4″) and 12.7 mm(1/2″) width, and perforated 16 mm and 35 mm audio tape.
3.
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.).
5.is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability .
6.Sampling is the process of selecting units. The main device used in digital recording is a Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) .
7.Quantization is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values.
February 16, 2010 at 11:44 am
Leticia Vargas
1.The primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form.
2.Ten and a half inch reels, almost always with metal flanges, which fitted over a hub three inches in diameter. These reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths, and were principally used for professional and studio applications.
3.not for fire
not for throwing
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.). This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms.
5.Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.[1]. In other words, bias is generally seen as a ‘one-sided’ perspective.
6.Sample rate conversion is needed because different systems use different sampling rates, for engineering, economic, or historical reasons. The physics of sampling merely sets minimum sampling rate (an analog signal can be sampled at any rate above twice the highest frequency contained in the signal, see Nyquist frequency), and so other factors determine the actual rates used. For example, different audio systems use different rates of 44.1, 48, and 96 kHz.
7.Quantization is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers).
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording: is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording:is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate:is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
Bandwidth: a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second.
Bias Current:in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
Calibration:is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape:is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 11:46 am
Eduardo Valenzuela 66 & laura Montoya
1)The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead.
2) Ten and a half inch reels, almost always with metal flanges, which fitted over a hub three inches in diameter. These reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths, and were principally used for professional and studio applications.
3) – Dont drop the tape.
– Dont open the tape.
Use as directed.
– Not for fire.
– Not for throwing.
4) Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components, It is caused by digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, wow and flutter are usually significantly more subtle, and are referred to as jitter.
5) BIAS (originally known as Berkley Integrated Audio Software) is a privately held corporation based in Petaluma, California.
6) Sampling is when they take a piece of some audio and make a song from it.,he sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s.
7) n digital signal processing, quantization is the process of approximating (“mapping”) a continuous range of values (or a very large set of possible discrete values) by a relatively small (“finite”) set of (“values which can still take on continuous range”) discrete symbols or integer values
Analog Recording: A means of recording audio or video whereby the recorded signal is a physicalrepresentation of the waveform of the original signal.
Digital Recording:n digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma
Audio Data Rate: the data rate or storage size of digital audio signals.
Bandwith:a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel
BIAS current:Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit
Calibration:the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; “the thermometer needed calibration”
Digital Audiotape: an audio tape is a tape where music is recorded.
February 16, 2010 at 12:00 pm
Hernan Zarate p-2
1.In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form. In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. Just because digital technology has advantages, that doesn’t mean it’s always better than analog. they both are good!
2. 304, 152,114,100, 76,38,19, 9.5, 4.76, 2.38, 1.19 cm/s
3. carry the tape reel by the thumb. trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads. always use store tape in a dust proof container when it is not in use. do not stack tapes on top of one another. store tapes vertically so they will be supported by the thumb. keep tape away from heat generating equiptment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4.wow- are slow changes; flutter- are faster changes. The changes take place in the frequencies.
5. bias- the inaudible DC or Ac signal adds to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of a amplification or the medium.
6. sampling- it takes periodic samples of the original at fixed intervals and converts them to digital data. some common sampling rates used in digital audio are hip hop beats.
7.Quantization- converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
February 16, 2010 at 12:02 pm
claudio leal period 2
1.As a technology, analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses.Two new government studies suggest autism spectrum disorders are becoming more common in children in the USA.
2.Since the widespread adoption of reel-to-reel audio tape recording in the 1950s, audio tapes and tape cassettes have been available in many formats.
3.during processing,nose-electrical,electronic, or tape,-may be added to the signal.
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording.
5.what is bias?
the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6.a case study is one of several ways of doing research whether it is social science relayed or even socially related.
7.the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory.
February 16, 2010 at 12:16 pm
Edgar Leon
1.analog recording- a method of recording in which the wave form of the rcording signal resembles the waveform of the original signal.
digital delay- an electronic device desingned to delay an audio signal.
2. 1/2”, 2″,1″
3. Analog, digital consoles, broadcast, prouduction consoles, patching.
4.flutter- an act of fluttering : there was a flutter of wings at the window.
a state or sensation of tremulous excitement : Sandra felt a flutter in the pit
of her stomach | her insides were in a flutter.
wow-impress and excite (someone) greatly : they wowed audiences on their recent British tour.
5.bias-1 prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair : there was evidence of bias against foreign applicants | the bias toward younger people in recruitment | [in sing. ] a systematic bias in favor of the
6sampling- a small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like : investigations involved analyzing samples of handwriting.
7.quantization- Physics apply quantum theory to, esp. form into quanta, in particular restrict the number of possible values of (a quantity) or states of (a system) so that certain variables can assume only certain discrete magnitudes.
February 16, 2010 at 12:18 pm
Maria Sepulveda
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
-THE ANALOG CARTRIDGE AND CASSETTE TAPE RECORDERS REVOLUTIONIZED AUDIO PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES AND HAVE BEEN A MAINSTAY IN AUDIO SINCE THEIR APPEARANCE IN 1958 AND 1963. AUDIO IN THE DIGITAL FORMAT USES A NUMERICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE AUDIO SIGNAL’S ACTUAL FREQUENCY AND AMPLITUDE. THE MOST WIDESPREAD TODAY IS THE DIGITAL.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
– 1/2
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
– ANALOG AND DIGITAL CONSOLES, BASIC FEATURES, PATCHING, DIGITAL AUTOMATION, DIGITAL CONSOLES.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
-WOW IS A STARTING RECORDED SOUND BEFORE IT REACHES FULL SPEED
-FLUTTER IS FREQUENCY CHANGES IN AN ANALOG TAPE RECORDING RESULTING FROM SLOWER VARIATIONS IN THE SPEED OF THE TAPE TRANSPORT.
– IT IS CAUSED
5) What is bias?
-AN EXTREMELY DC R AC SIGNAL ADDED TO AN AUDIO SIGNAL TO OVERCOME NONLINEARITIES OF AMPLIFICATION OR THE MEDIUM IN MAGNETIC-TAPE RECORDING, ULTRASONIC AC BIAS IS USED TO LINEARIZE THE TAPE MEDIUM, WHICH WOULD OTHERWISE BE HIGHLY DISTORTED.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
-EXAMINING AN ANALOG SIGNAL AT REGULAR INTERVALS DEFINED BY THE SAMPLING FREQUENCY.
–
7) What is quantization?
-CONVERTING A WAVEFORM THAT IS INFINITELY VARIEBLE INTO A FINITE SERIES OF DISCRETE LEVELS.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording- A METHOD OF RECORDING IN WHICH THE WAVEFORM OF THE RECORDED SIGNAL RESEMBLES THE WAVEFORM OF THE ORIGINAL SIGNAL.
Digital Recording-A METHOD OF RECODING IN WHICH SAMPLES OF ORIGINAL ANALOG SIGNAL ARE ENCODED AS PULSES AND THEN DECODED DURING PLAYBACK
Audio Data Rate-THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAMPLING RATE AND QUANTIZATION.
Bandwidth-THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE UPPER AND LOVER FREQUENCY LIMITS OF AN AUDIO COMPONENT.
Bias Current-AN EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCY AC CURRENTE, FAR BEYOND AUDIBILITY, ADDED DURING A TAPE RECORDING TO LINEARIZE THE MAGNETIC INFORMATION.
Calibration-ADJUSTING EQUIPMENT
Digital Audiotape-THE CASSETTE TAPE WITH THE ROTARY-HEAD DIGITAL AUDIOTAPE RECORDER
February 16, 2010 at 12:27 pm
carloszazuetap.2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? – Analog is method of recording that creates a recorded signal and digital is also recording but with the sample. the digital is more widespread today.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? – Audio tapes and tapes cassets. Out side of the US.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. – Carry the tape reel by the hub. Trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on tape transport and record heads. Always Store tape in a dust proof container when it is not in use.
Keep tape away from heat generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused? – Is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components.
5) What is bias? – Examining the function of the of each magnetic head, it is necessary to discuss bias.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio? – Sample distribution: items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population. Sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
7) What is quantization?- converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
February 16, 2010 at 12:28 pm
Bautista, Alejandra P2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
*A digital recording is produced by converting the physical properties of the original sound into a sequence of numbers, which can then be stored and the back of the reproduction.
*An analog recording in one where a property or characteristics of a physical recording medium is made to vary in manner analogous to the variation in air pressure of the original sound digital is more widespread today.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
*audio tape in 6.35 mm (1/4″) and 12.7 mm (1/2″) width and 2 inch
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
*Never handle a tape surface front or back.
*do not eat or smoke on a tape area
*carry the tape reel by the hub.
*always store tape in dust proof container when is not in use.
*keep apes away from heat generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
*FLUTTER: frequency changes in a analog tape recording resulting from slower variation in the speed of the tape or transport.
5) What is bias?
* the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearlities of amplification or the medium in magnetic-tape recording, ultra sonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwisee highly disorted.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
* SAMPELING: Examining an analog signal at regualr intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
*sampling frequency and sampling reverberations
7) What is quantization?
QUANTIZATION: converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
KEYTERMS:
Analog Recording:The basic principle of disk recording
Digital Recording:By encoding analog sound into digital format, we can now process sound digitally, adding effects, and mixing.
Audio Data Rate:Audio has long fought for equal billing with video.
Bandwidth:In computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication.
Bias Current:Depending on the type of input transistor, the bias current can flow in or out of the input terminals.
Calibration:is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape: (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
February 16, 2010 at 12:30 pm
Beltran, Yiceli P2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
*A digital recording is produced by converting the physical properties of the original sound into a sequence of numbers, which can then be stored and the back of the reproduction.
*An analog recording in one where a property or characteristics of a physical recording medium is made to vary in manner analogous to the variation in air pressure of the original sound digital is more widespread today.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
*audio tape in 6.35 mm (1/4″) and 12.7 mm (1/2″) width and 2 inch
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
*Never handle a tape surface front or back.
*do not eat or smoke on a tape area
*carry the tape reel by the hub.
*always store tape in dust proof container when is not in use.
*keep apes away from heat generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
*FLUTTER: frequency changes in a analog tape recording resulting from slower variation in the speed of the tape or transport.
5) What is bias?
* the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearlities of amplification or the medium in magnetic-tape recording, ultra sonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwisee highly disorted.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
* SAMPELING: Examining an analog signal at regualr intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
*sampling frequency and sampling reverberations
7) What is quantization?
QUANTIZATION: converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
KEYTERMS:
Analog Recording:The basic principle of disk recording
Digital Recording:By encoding analog sound into digital format, we can now process sound digitally, adding effects, and mixing.
Audio Data Rate:Audio has long fought for equal billing with video.
Bandwidth:In computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication.
Bias Current:Depending on the type of input transistor, the bias current can flow in or out of the input terminals.
Calibration:is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape: (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
February 16, 2010 at 12:30 pm
Claudia Ayon P2
1)Analog is recording the wave form and digital records the original analog encoded as pulses; digital is more widespread.
2)1/2″, 1″, and 2″
3)
4)Wow is frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from faster variations in the speed of the tape transport. Flutter is frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from slower variations in the speed of the tape transport.
5)The inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium. In magnetic-tape recording, ultrasonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwise be highly distorted.
6)Sampling is a process whereby a section of digital audio representing a sonic event, acoustic or electroacoustic, is stored on disk or into a memory.
7)Quantization is converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
Terms:
Analog Recording:A method of recording which the waveform of the recorded signal resembles the waveform of the original signal.
Digital Recording: A method of recording in which samples of the original analog signal are encoded as pulses and then decoded during playback.
Audio Data Rate: The relationship between sampling rate and quantization. When audio is converted to digital it becomes data. The data rate is computed by multiplying bit depth times sampling frequency.
Bandwidth: the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component.
Bias Current: An extremely high frequency AC current, far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
Calibration: Adjusting equipment- for example, a console and a recorder- according to a standard so that that their measurements are similar.
Digital Audiotape: The cassette tape used with the rotary- head digital audiotape recorder. it is about 1/8 inch wide, about 1/4 mil thick, and about one-fourth the length of an analog cassette audiotape.
February 16, 2010 at 12:30 pm
Beltran, Yiceli P2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
*A digital recording is produced by converting the physical properties of the original sound into a sequence of numbers, which can then be stored and the back of the reproduction.
*An analog recording in one where a property or characteristics of a physical recording medium is made to vary in manner analogous to the variation in air pressure of the original sound digital is more widespread today.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
*audio tape in 6.35 mm (1/4″) and 12.7 mm (1/2″) width and 2 inch
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
*Never handle a tape surface front or back.
*do not eat or smoke on a tape area
*carry the tape reel by the hub.
*always store tape in dust proof container when is not in use.
*keep apes away from heat generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
*FLUTTER: frequency changes in a analog tape recording resulting from slower variation in the speed of the tape or transport.
5) What is bias?
* the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearlities of amplification or the medium in magnetic-tape recording, ultra sonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwisee highly disorted.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
* SAMPELING: Examining an analog signal at regualr intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
*sampling frequency and sampling reverberations
7) What is quantization?
QUANTIZATION: converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
KEYTERMS:
Analog Recording:The basic principle of disk recording
Digital Recording:By encoding analog sound into digital format, we can now process sound digitally, adding effects, and mixing.
Audio Data Rate:Audio has long fought for equal billing with video.
Bandwidth:In computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication.
Bias Current:Depending on the type of input transistor, the bias current can flow in or out of the input terminals.
Calibration:is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape: (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
February 16, 2010 at 12:31 pm
Omar Encizo P2
1)Analog is recording the wave form and digital records the original analog encoded as pulses; digital is more widespread.
2)1/2″, 1″, and 2″
3)
4)Wow is frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from faster variations in the speed of the tape transport. Flutter is frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from slower variations in the speed of the tape transport.
5)The inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium. In magnetic-tape recording, ultrasonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwise be highly distorted.
6)Sampling is a process whereby a section of digital audio representing a sonic event, acoustic or electroacoustic, is stored on disk or into a memory.
7)Quantization is converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
Terms:
Analog Recording:A method of recording which the waveform of the recorded signal resembles the waveform of the original signal.
Digital Recording: A method of recording in which samples of the original analog signal are encoded as pulses and then decoded during playback.
Audio Data Rate: The relationship between sampling rate and quantization. When audio is converted to digital it becomes data. The data rate is computed by multiplying bit depth times sampling frequency.
Bandwidth: the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component.
Bias Current: An extremely high frequency AC current, far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
Calibration: Adjusting equipment- for example, a console and a recorder- according to a standard so that that their measurements are similar.
Digital Audiotape: The cassette tape used with the rotary- head digital audiotape recorder. it is about 1/8 inch wide, about 1/4 mil thick, and about one-fourth the length of an analog cassette audiotape.
February 16, 2010 at 12:32 pm
Giovanni Saldana Pd 2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? A digital system[1] is a data technology that uses discrete (discontinuous) values. By contrast, non-digital (or analog) systems use a continuous range of values to represent information.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? there are four types,¼,½,1,and 2.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. 1.Do not smoke or eat on the tape area2.carry the tape reel by the hub3.always store tape in a dust-proof container4.do not stack tapes on top of one another5.keep tape away from heat-generating equipment.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?In the field of electronics and communication, flutter is the rapid variation of signal parameters, such as amplitude, phase, and frequency.
5) What is bias?Tape bias is the term for two phenomena, DC bias and AC bias, that improve the fidelity of analogue magnetic tape sound recordings.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.
7) What is quantization?In digital music processing technology, quantization is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting.
February 16, 2010 at 12:34 pm
Sully diaz p.2
1.)-A digital recording is produced by converting the physical properties of the original sound into a sequence of numbers, which can then be stored and read back for reproduction.
-An analog recording is one where a property or characteristic of a physical recording medium is made to vary in a manner analogous to the variations in air pressure of the original sound. Digital is more widespread today.
2.)audio tape in width (1/ 4), (1/2) and (2) inch
3.)-Never handle a tape surface, front or back.
– Do not smoke or eat in a tape area.
-Carry the tape reel by the hub.
-Always store tape in dust-proof container when it is not in use.
-Keep tape away from heat-generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4.) -WOW:Starting a recorded sound before it reaches full speed.
-FLUTTER:Frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from slower variations in the speed of the tape transport.
5.)BIAS: The inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearilities of amplification or the medium. In magnetic-tape recording, ultrasonic AC bias is used to linearize the tape medium, which would otherwise be highly distorted.
6.) SAMPLING: Examining an analog signal at regular intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
-Sampling frequency and Sampling reverberation.
7.) QUANTIZATION: converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
Define
Analog Recording
Digital Recording
Audio Data Rate
Bandwidth
Bias Current
Calibration
Digital Audiotape
*Analog recording is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
* Digital recording is, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
*Audio Data Rate is the relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
*Bandwidth is the range of audio frequencies which directly influence the fidelity of a sound. The higher the audio bandwidth, the better the sound fidelity. The highest practical frequency which the human ear can normally hear is 20 kHz.
*Bias Current is current fed to electronic device: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
*Calibration is adjusting equipment according to a standard so that their measurements are similar.
*Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 12:34 pm
Juana Iturriaga p2
1.A DAC converts an abstract finite-precision number (usually a fixed-point binary number) into a concrete physical quantity (e.g., a voltage or a pressure). In particular, DACs are often used to convert finite-precision time series data to a continually varying physical signal
2.Since the widespread adoption of reel-to-reel audio tape recording in the 1950s, audio tapes and tape cassettes have been available in many formats. This article describes the length, tape thickness a
3.do not smoke or eat in the tape area.
carry the tape reel by the hub
always store tape in a dust proof container when it is not in use.
trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport by the hub
keep tape away from heat generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4.Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994. A limited edition of 3000 7″ copies was released with hand-painted.
5.Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating poin.
6.A case study is one of several ways of doing research whether it is social science related or even socially related.
7.the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
*analog recording-is a technique used to store signals of audio or video
*digital recording-In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma
*audio data rate-
*bandwidth-a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel
*bias current-Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an
*calibration-he act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; “the thermometer needed calibration”
*digital audiotape-A type of digital storage media, DATs are in a cartridge format a little larger than a credit card. The industry standard for DAT cartridge format
February 16, 2010 at 12:36 pm
Maria Mendoza Period2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
5) What is bias? the inaudible dc or ac signal added to an audio.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio? in music , sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument.
7) What is quantization? is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values .
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording is a technique used to store signals of audio or video.
Digital Recording In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers.
Audio Data Rate the relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component.
Bias Current an extremely high frequency ac current, far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
Calibrationthe act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; “the thermometer needed calibration”
Digital Audiotape
February 16, 2010 at 12:36 pm
MartinQuevedoP2
1.The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead. When played back, the numbers are converted into a voltage stream that approximates the original analog wave.
2.1/2″,2″/1″
3.
February 16, 2010 at 12:37 pm
Julio linaresp2
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
The difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form the difference in quality between analog and digital signals, because digital broadcasts can be re-mastered to enhance sound and visual quality. Analog signals are more limited because they can only play what has been recorded as it was originally recorded
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
1/4 1/2 and 2 in
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
-never handle the tape surface
-carry the tape reel by the hub
-always store tape in a dust proof container
-trim damaged ends
-keep tapes away from tape
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
wow is starting a recorded sound before it reaches full speed
flutter is the frequency changesin an anolog tape rc resulting from slower variations in the speed of thetrasport
5) What is bias?
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
7) What is quantization?
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording
Digital Recording
Audio Data Rate
Bandwidth
Bias Current
Calibration
Digital Audiotape
February 16, 2010 at 12:37 pm
Emanuel Rodriguez/Ricardo Chavez
1.) In analog technology, a wave is recorded a used in its original form. In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. Analog is more widespread on t.v!
2.) audio tape in 6.35 mm(1/4″) and 12.7 mm(1/2″) width, and performed 16mm and 35 mm audio tape!
3.) never handle the tape surface- front or back. Carry the tape reel by the hub. Always store tape in a dust-proof container when it i not in use.
4.) Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock and band Stereolab, released in 1994.
5.) Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial,unprejudiced, or objective.
6.) sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.
7.) Quantization is the process of explaining a classical understanding of physical phenomena in terms of a newer understanding known as “quantum mechanics”.
February 16, 2010 at 12:37 pm
raul jaime
1)Analog signals equate levels of electric voltage or current to amounts of information by applying some rule and Digital signals are different from analog signals in that there are generally only two levels of voltage: high and low.
2)
3)-never handle the tape surface-front or back. 2-do not smoke or eat in the tape area.3-carry the tape reel by the hub.4-trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads.5-always store tape in a dust-proof container when it is not in use.
4)WOW! (formerly WideOpenWest), is the 12th largest cable provider in the United States and the field of electronics and communication, flutter is the rapid variation of signal parameters, such as amplitude, phase, and frequency.
5)Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6) In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.
7)
February 16, 2010 at 12:38 pm
Jesse Tapia
1) In analog technology a wave is recorded or used in its original form. So for example in an analog tape recorder a signal is taken straight from the microphone and laid onto tape.
2) All tape thicknesses here refer to the total tape thickness unless otherwise specified including the base the oxide coating and any back coating.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) While the terms Wow and Flutter used to be used separately for wobbles at a rate below and above 4 Hz respectively.
5) Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
6) This is typically done with a sampler which can be a piece of hardware or a computer program on a digital computer.
7) In physics quantization is the process of explaining a classical understanding of physical phenomena in terms of a newer understanding know as quantum mechanics.
February 16, 2010 at 1:41 pm
Alicia Jara p.3
1. Analog signals are continuous where digital signals are discrete. digital is more widespread.
2.audio tape in 6.35 mm(1/ 4″) and 12.7 mm(1/2″) width, and perforated 16 mm
3.n use, the supply reel or feed reel containing the tape is mounted on a spindle; the end of the tape is manually pulled out of the reel, threaded through mechanical guides and a tape head assembly, and attached by friction to the hub of a second, initially empty takeup reel. The arrangement is similar to that used for motion picture film.
4. Wow and flutter may refer to: Wow (recording) and flutter (electronics and communication), irregularities in the playback speed of analog recordings,
5. The term “media bias” usually implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article.
6. Sampling is digitally copying portions of a preexisting (copyrighted) recording to make a derivitive work. The concept of sampling frequency can only be applied to samplers in which samples are taken periodically. Some samplers may sample at a non-periodic rate.
7. Part of the series: How to Create a Rap Beat.
8.
Analog Recording: is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording:he analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate:is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
Bandwidth: a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps).
Bias Passing:in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
Calibration: is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape: is a recordable audio format conceived by the Japanese conglomerate Sony in the mid 80’s with the intention to replace the venerable compact cassette.
February 16, 2010 at 1:50 pm
Marco V. Galaviz
1) Digital breaks up signals into binary code. Digital is being used more often now.
2) ½”, 1″, 2″, ¼”, 3″
3)Do not touch the playing surface/s of any recording. Clean hands before handling recordings. Handle by the outer edge of the reel flanges and center hub areas only. Do not squeeze flanges together — it will damage tape edges. Handle by outer shell, only. Do not place fingers or any other materials into openings.
4) Wow is perceived clearly as pitch variation, flutter can alter the sound of the music differently, making it sound ‘cracked’. It is caused by moving pins, players etc.
5) This refers to the level of bias voltage required by a particular tape formulation to obtain the best recording characteristics.
6) In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous signal to a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s.
7) Quantization is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting.
Terms
1) A technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
2) In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
3) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
4) a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it.
5) current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
6) is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
7)is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 1:59 pm
Maritza Barragan
1) Digital breaks up signals into binary code. Digital is being used more often now.
2) ½”, 1″, 2″, ¼”, 3″
3)Do not touch the playing surface/s of any recording. Clean hands before handling recordings. Handle by the outer edge of the reel flanges and center hub areas only. Do not squeeze flanges together — it will damage tape edges. Handle by outer shell, only. Do not place fingers or any other materials into openings.
4) Wow is perceived clearly as pitch variation, flutter can alter the sound of the music differently, making it sound ‘cracked’. It is caused by moving pins, players etc.
5) This refers to the level of bias voltage required by a particular tape formulation to obtain the best recording characteristics.
6) In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous signal to a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s.
7) Quantization is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting.
Terms
1) A technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
2) In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
3) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
4) a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it.
5) current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
6) is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
7)is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 2:04 pm
Daniel Gallegos P.3
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? The primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form. Digital is more widespread nowadays.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? 1/4, 1/2, 1-, and 2-inch widths.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. 1. Never handle the tape surface 2. Do not smoke or eat in the tape area 3. Carry the tape reel by the hub 4. Always store tape in a dust-proof container 5. Do not stack tapes on top of each other
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused? Wow is a relatively slow form of flutter (pitch variation) which can affect both gramophone records and tape recorders. In the latter, the collective expression wow and flutter is commonly used.
5) What is bias? The inaudible Dc or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio? “Sampling” is the practice of digitally copying or transferring snippets or portions of a preexisting (copyrighted) record to make a new composition. The sampling rate, sample rate, or sampling frequency defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s.
7) What is quantization? quantization is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting.
Analog Recording – a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording – the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate – The relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth – he net bit rate, channel capacity or the maximum throughput of a logical or physical communication path in a digital communication system.
Bias Current – current fed to electronic device: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics.
Calibration – the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape – a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm.
February 16, 2010 at 2:04 pm
Luz Martinez P.3
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s. Analog Is The Most Widespread At the Moment.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
1/2″ 1″ 2″
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only. Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
Speed variations in a turntable,phonograph, or cassette player that cause irritating flattening in pitch with sour notes (wow) and/or garbled notes with jerky sharpening in pitch (flutter). Often heard from poorly manufactured, old, or poorly-maintained audio equipment. In the ages when LPs and audio cassettes were the only audio media available, stereo/high-fidelity magazines often used to rate audio components with wow and flutter specifications ranking at the top of the list.
5) What is bias?
a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
Sampling in reference to statistical sampling is taking a cross section of a given population and analyzing certain information of interest about it.Sampling is done in fields of sociology, psychology and anthrpology as well as demographic studies.The sampling rate, defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. For time-domain signals, the unit for sampling rate is 1/s.
7) What is quantization?
In digital signal processing, quantization is the process of approximating a continuous range of values by a relatively small set of ( discrete symbols or integer values.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording:technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording:converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in video or a audio, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate:such a that used in the widely used MPEG family of audio coding standards
Bandwidth:he numerical difference between the upper and lower frequencies of a band of electromagnetic radiation, especially an assigned range of radio frequencies.
Bias Current:a high-frequency alternating current applied to the recording head of a tape recorder during recording in order to reduce distortion.
Calibration:he act or process of calibrating or the state of being calibrated
Digital Audiotape:magnetic tape on which sound is digitally recorded with high fidelity for playback.
February 16, 2010 at 2:07 pm
Azucena Gonzalez
1. What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?As a technology, analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? Since the widespread adoption of reel-to-reel audio tape recording in the 1950s, audio tapes and tape cassettes have been available in many formats. This article describes the length, tape thickness and playing times of some of the most common ones.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. take care of them,
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994. A limited edition of 3000 7″ copies was released with hand-painted
5) What is bias? Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective. . In other words, bias is generally seen as a ‘one-sided’ perspective. …
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge about a population of concern, especially for the purposes of statistical inference.
7) What is quantization?quantization is the process of explaining a classical understanding of physical phenomena in terms of a newer understanding known as “quantum mechanics”.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording: Analog (or analogue) recording (Greek, ana is “according to” and logos “relationship”) is a technique used to store signals of audio or video
Digital Recording: In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma
Audio Data Rate: Audio compression is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files. Audio compression algorithms are implemented in computer software as audio codecs.
Bandwidth: Bandwidth is typically measured in hertz, and may sometimes refer to passband bandwidth, sometimes to baseband bandwidth, depending on context
Bias Current: Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set
Calibration: Calibration is the set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values of quantities indicated
Digital Audiotape: s a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 2:08 pm
Miguel Bedolla
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
A digital system is a data technology that uses discrete (discontinuous) values.
Analog is a free web log analysis software program that runs under Windows, Mac OS, Linux, and most Unix-like operating systems. Analog.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
30 in/s or 76.2 cm/s,15 in/s or 38.1 cm/s,7½ in/s or 19.05 cm/s ,3¾ in/s or 9.52 cm/s
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
wow is the 12th largest cable provider in the United States.
flutter is the rapid variation of signal parameters, such as amplitude, phase, and frequency.
5) What is bias?
Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.
7) What is quantization?
is the process of approximating a continuous range of values (or a very large set of possible discrete values) by a relatively-small set of discrete symbols or integer values.
Define the following terms
Analog Recording
Analog recording methods store audio signals as a continual wave in or on the media
Digital Recording
the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate
s a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
Bandwidth
is typically measured in hertz, and may sometimes refer to passband bandwidth, sometimes to baseband bandwidth, depending on context.
Bias Current
Calibration
is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape
is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony
February 16, 2010 at 2:10 pm
FernandoCazarez p.3
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
is a device for converting a digital (usually binary) code to an analog signal (current, voltage or electric charge).performs the reverse operation.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
ape recording is the form of magnetic tape audio recording in which the recording medium is held on a reel, rather than being securely contained within a cassette.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.).
5) What is bias?
is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?is the process of converting a (usually digital) signal from one sampling rate to another, while changing the information carried by the signal as little as possible. When applied to an image, this process is sometimes called image s
7) What is quantization?
is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers). Define the following terms:
Analog Recording :is one where a property or characteristic of a physical recording medium is made to vary in a manner analogous to the variations in air pressure of the original soundDigital Recording:
Audio Data Rate:s a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
Bandwidth:
Bias Current:in bit/s, which typically means the net bit rate, channel capacity or the maximum throughput of a logical or physical communication path in a digital communication system.
Calibration: is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotauses digital signals for sound reproduction.
February 16, 2010 at 2:14 pm
Omar Aceves P.3
1.
In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form. So, for example, in an analog tape recorder, a signal is taken straight from the microphone and laid onto tape. The wave from the microphone is an analog wave, and therefore the wave on the tape is analog as well. That wave on the tape can be read, amplified and sent to a speaker to produce the sound.
In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. On a CD, the sampling rate is 44,000 samples per second. So on a CD, there are 44,000 numbers stored per second of music. To hear the music, the numbers are turned into a voltage wave that approximates the original wave.
2.
Ten and a half inch reels, almost always with metal flanges, which fitted over a hub three inches in diameter. These reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths, and were principally used for professional and studio applications. The reels were known as NAB reels and the hubs on which they were mounted as NAB hubs.
3.
-do not smoke or eat in tape area.
-carry tape reel by hub.
-trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads.
-always store tape in a dust-proofcontainer when it is not in use.
-do not stack on top of one another.
4.
-flutter is the rapid variation of signal parameters, such as amplitude, phase, and frequency
-is a relatively slow form of flutter (pitch variation) which can affect both gramophone records and tape recorders. In the latter, the collective expression Wow and flutter is commonly used
5.
real or perceived bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media, in the selection of which events will be reported and how they are covered.
6.
Digital audio samples are discrete values (numbers) which represent the amplitude of an audio signal taken at different points in time.
7.
is the process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting. This results in notes being set on beats and on exact fractions of beats.
Analog Recording-
is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Analog recording methods store audio signals as a continual wave in or on the media
Digital Recording-
the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate-
In telecommunications and computing, bitrate (sometimes written bit rate, data rate or as a variable R or fb) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
Bandwidth-
In computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it (kbit/s, Mbit/s etc).
Bias Current-
a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
Calibration-
the checking of a measuring instrument against an accurate standard to determine any deviation and correct for errors
Digital Audiotape-is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 2:15 pm
Mariela Rodriguez
1. What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?As a technology, analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? Since the widespread adoption of reel-to-reel audio tape recording in the 1950s, audio tapes and tape cassettes have been available in many formats. This article describes the length, tape thickness and playing times of some of the most common ones.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. take care of them,
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994. A limited edition of 3000 7″ copies was released with hand-painted
5) What is bias? Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective. . In other words, bias is generally seen as a ‘one-sided’ perspective. …
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge about a population of concern, especially for the purposes of statistical inference.
7) What is quantization?quantization is the process of explaining a classical understanding of physical phenomena in terms of a newer understanding known as “quantum mechanics”.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording: Analog (or analogue) recording (Greek, ana is “according to” and logos “relationship”) is a technique used to store signals of audio or video
Digital Recording: In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma
Audio Data Rate: Audio compression is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files. Audio compression algorithms are implemented in computer software as audio codecs.
Bandwidth: Bandwidth is typically measured in hertz, and may sometimes refer to passband bandwidth, sometimes to baseband bandwidth, depending on context
Bias Current: Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set
Calibration: Calibration is the set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values of quantities indicated
Digital Audiotape: s a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 2:26 pm
Francisco De Jesus
1. The difference is that Anolog is physical texture and digital is audio signals converted into discrete numbers. Today we use more of Digital Recording
2. Reel to reel ¼
3. It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only.[2] Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism.[3]
4. Slow changes are called wow; faster changes are called flutter
5. Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6. In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.The rate at which the fixed intervals sample the original signal each second
7.Quantization is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers).
Analog Recording:The wave might be stored as a physical texture on a phonograph record, or a fluctuation in the field strength of a magnetic recording.
Digital Recording:converts audio signals into discrete numbers.
Audio Data Rate: Te relationship between sampling frequency and quantization is called audio data rate.
Bandwidth:is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it (kbit/s, Mbit/s etc).
Bias current:current fed to electronic device: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
Calibration:Calibration is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape:Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm.
February 16, 2010 at 2:35 pm
Jose Luis Koy
1. The difference is that Anolog is physical texture and digital is audio signals converted into discrete numbers. Today we use more of Digital Recording
2. Reel to reel ¼
3. It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only.[2] Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism.[3]
4. Slow changes are called wow; faster changes are called flutter
5. Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6. In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.The rate at which the fixed intervals sample the original signal each second
7.Quantization is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers).
Analog Recording:The wave might be stored as a physical texture on a phonograph record, or a fluctuation in the field strength of a magnetic recording.
Digital Recording:converts audio signals into discrete numbers.
Audio Data Rate: Te relationship between sampling frequency and quantization is called audio data rate.
Bandwidth:is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it (kbit/s, Mbit/s etc).
Bias current:current fed to electronic device: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
Calibration:Calibration is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape:Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm.
February 16, 2010 at 2:36 pm
Heriberto Lopez
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
impress greatly; “The speaker wowed the audience”
belly laugh: a joke that seems extremely funny
flit: move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart; “The hummingbird flitted among the branches”
flicker: move back and forth very rapidly; “the candle flickered”
waver: the act of moving back and forth
5) What is bias?
nfluence in an unfair way; “you are biasing my choice by telling me yours”
a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation
cause to be biased
diagonal: a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric
slanting diagonally across the grain of a fabric; “a bias fold”
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
the selection of a suitable sample for study
sample distribution: items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population
measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form
7) What is quantization?
the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
February 16, 2010 at 2:36 pm
Jesus Gutierrez P:3
1. The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead.
2. Width Height Depth 102.3mm 63.6mm
3.does not smoke or eat in the tape area.smoke and food particles can contamibate the tape and also cause damge, carry the tape reel by the hub,trim damged tape ends to aviod deposting debris on the tape transport and records heads,alwyas store tape in a dust proof container when it is not in use,do not suck taped on the top of one another. sotre tapes vertically so they be supported by the hub.
4.measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices.
5.The Authorization Request File and registration information that is transmitted to BIAS during the registration process is generated using basic tech.
6.s digitally copying portions of a preexisting (copyrighted) recording to make a derivitive work.
7. is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values
Analog Recording-versus digital recording compares the two ways in which sound is recorded and stored.
Digital Recording-the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers
Audio Data Rate-used for audio in the multimedia environment are 22.050
Bandwidth-the difference the lower frequency limits of an audiocomponet.
Bias current-an extremely high frequency ac current far beyond audibility added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
calibration-adjusting equimentdor exmaple a console and a recorder to a standard so that thier measurements are similar.
Digitl aduiotape-the cassette tape used with the roptary head digital aduiotape recprder(r-dat).
February 16, 2010 at 2:37 pm
Antonio Torres
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? -Analog is something physical and digital is a software, but digital is the most used than analog.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? -The widths are 1/4, 1/2, 1, and 2 inches.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
-1) Do not smoke or eat in the tape area.
2) Carry the tape reel by the hub.
3) Trim damage tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads.
4) Always store tape in a dust-proof container when it is not use.
5) Do not stack tapes on top of one another. Store tapes vertically so they will be supported by the hub
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
-Slow changes in frequency are called wow and faster changes are called flutter. They are caused because of constant tape movement and tension.
5) What is bias?
-The response of magnetic particles on recording tape (and magnetic film) is nonlinear-their magnetic energy is not a perfect analog of the signal from the record head.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
-Sampling takes periodic samples of the original analog signal at fixed intervals and converts them to digital data. The most command sampling rates in digital audio are 32, 44.056, 44.1, 48, and 96 kHz.
7) What is quantization?
-Samples of the waveform are taken, these voltages are converted into discrete quantities and assigned values.
-Analog Recording: is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
-Digital Recording: the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values or air pressure through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
-Audio Data Rate: is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
-Bandwidth: the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component.
-Bias Current: an extremely high frequency AC current, far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
-Calibration: adjusting equipment
-Digital Audiotape: the cassette tape used with the rotary- head digital audiotape recorded. It is about 1/8 inch wide, about 1/4 mil thick, and about one-fourth the length of an analog cassette audiotape.
February 16, 2010 at 2:40 pm
Luz Martinez P.3
1.The primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form.
2.audio tapes and tape cassettes have been available in many formats. This article describes the length, tape thickness and playing times of some of the most common ones.they are available in 1/4, 1/2,1 and 2- inches widths.
3. the 5 ways to properly handle audiotape are never handle the tape surface, do not smoke or eat in the tape area, carry the tape reel by the hub, always store tape in a dust-proof container when it is not use, and do not stack tapes on top of one another.
4.wow and flutter is a frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from slower variations in the speed of the tape transport.
5.bais is the inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6.sampling is examining an analog signal at regular intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
7.quantization converting a waveform that is is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
DEFINITIONS:
Analog Recording: is a method of recording in which the waveform of the recorded signal resembles the waveform of the original signal.
Digital Recording: is a method of recording in which samples of the original analog signal are decoded as pulses and then decoded during playback.
Audio Data Rate:the relationship between sampling and quantization.
Bandwidth:the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component.
Bias Current:an extremely high frequency AC current.
Calibration:adjusting equipment
Digital Audiotape:the cassette tape used with the rotary-head digital audiotape record (R-DAT).
February 16, 2010 at 2:44 pm
raymundo felipe
1.The digital technology breaks your voice (or television) signal into binary code a series of 1s and 0s…analog are the old stuff..analog is th emost widespread..
2.ape width is quarter-inch for open reel and cartridges and 0.150-inch for cassette
3.
4.Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components..
5A vacuum tube amplifies by taking a small voltage on the Grid (input) and giving you a larger voltage on the Plate (output
6. Sample-rate describes the number of times a signal is sampled each second.
.44.1khz/24bit
7.Division of the range of values of a wave into a finite number of subranges
Analog Recording-is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.Digital Recording-
Audio Data Rate- common type of data rate used when describing the speed of a hard drive is Megabytes/secondBandwidth-
Bias Current-An alternating electric current above about 40,000 hertz added to the audio current being recorded onCalibration-
Digital Audiotapeis a signal recording and playback medium
February 16, 2010 at 2:51 pm
armando lino
1. The difference is that Anolog is physical texture and digital is audio signals converted into discrete numbers. Today we use more of Digital Recording
2. Reel to reel ¼
3. It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only.[2] Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism.[3]
4. Slow changes are called wow; faster changes are called flutter
5. Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
6. In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound recording of a song.The rate at which the fixed intervals sample the original signal each second
7.Quantization is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers).
Analog Recording:The wave might be stored as a physical texture on a phonograph record, or a fluctuation in the field strength of a magnetic recording.
Digital Recording: converts audio signals into discrete numbers.
Audio Data Rate: Te relationship between sampling frequency and quantization is called audio data rate.
Bandwidth: is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it (kbit/s, Mbit/s etc).
Bias current: current fed to electronic device: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
Calibration: Calibration is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment.
Digital Audiotape: Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm.
February 16, 2010 at 2:51 pm
Edith Navarro p-3
1. The key difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead.
2. Width Height Depth 102.3mm 63.6mm
3.does not smoke or eat in the tape area.smoke and food particles can contamibate the tape and also cause damge, carry the tape reel by the hub,trim damged tape ends to aviod deposting debris on the tape transport and records heads,alwyas store tape in a dust proof container when it is not in use,do not suck taped on the top of one another. sotre tapes vertically so they be supported by the hub.
4.measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices.
5.The Authorization Request File and registration information that is transmitted to BIAS during the registration process is generated using basic tech.
6.s digitally copying portions of a preexisting (copyrighted) recording to make a derivitive work.
7. is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values
Analog Recording-versus digital recording compares the two ways in which sound is recorded and stored.
Digital Recording-the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers
Audio Data Rate-used for audio in the multimedia environment are 22.050
Bandwidth-the difference the lower frequency limits of an audiocomponet.
Bias current-an extremely high frequency ac current far beyond audibility added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic information.
calibration-adjusting equimentdor exmaple a console and a recorder to a standard so that thier measurements are similar.
Digitl aduiotape-the cassette tape used with the roptary head digital aduiotape recprder(r-dat).
February 16, 2010 at 3:38 pm
Ruben Reyes
1. Analog technology transmits voice over airwaves to cellular cell sites, much like a radio broadcast. Digital technology converts voice into groups of electronic bits that are “reassembled” when they reach their destination. Digital wireless technology is more widespread today.
2. Comes in 1/4, 1/2, 1, and 2 inches.
3. 1)Never handle the tape surface-front or back. 2)If touching the tape cannot be avoided, use lint-free gloves. 3)Carry the tape reel by the hub. 4)Always store tape in dust-proof container when it is not in use. 5) Keep tape away from heat-generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in use.
4. wow is the slow change in audio frequency. Flutter is the fast changes. These changes are caused by any change in the constant transport speed during recording or playback.
5. Bias is the response of magnetic particles on recording tape is non-linear, their magnetic energy is not a perfect analog of the signal from the record head.
6. Sampling takes periodic samples of the original analog signal at fixed intervals and converts them to digital data. Common sampling rates include: 32, 44.056, 44.1, 48, and 96kHz.
7. Quantization: samples of waveforms are taken and the voltages are converted into discrete quantities and assigned values.
Analog Recording: a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording: he analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
Audio Data Rate: the rate of how audio sounds are transferred and played back.
Bandwidth: or analog bandwidth, frequency bandwidth or radio bandwidth: a measure of the width of a range of frequencies, measured in hertz
Bias Current: the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
Calibration: the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audio tape: a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
February 16, 2010 at 3:40 pm
Nancy Ruiz P.1
eliezer godinez p4
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?signals work by taking a sound wave and recording it directly to a tape or other device
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?since the widespread adoption ofreeel to audio tape recording in the 1950 audio tapesand tape cassettes have been available in many formats
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges toghter as it will damage the edges of the tape
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?irregularities in the playback speed of analog recording caousedby any variation in the speed of the tape
5) What is bias?biasing in electronic is themethod of establishing predeterminated voltages and or current at vrious points of an electronic circuit to set an appropiate operating point
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observation intended to yield some knowledge about a populaton of concrn especially for the purpose of statistical inference in the world of digital aoudio recording the most common sample rates 44.1khz.
7) What is quantization?the act ofdividing into quanta or expression in terms of quantum theory
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording recording
Digital Recording is a technique used to store signals of aoudio or video
Audio Data Rate that enables images froma camera to be stored on hard drive
Bandwidth a data transmission rate the maximum amount of info bits/second that can be transmitted along a channel
Bias Current biasing in eletconics is method of establishing predetermined voltages and or currents at various points of an electronic circuit
Calibration
Digital Audiotape
February 16, 2010 at 3:42 pm
nicolas flores and sarah montoya per.4
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
An analog recording is one where a property or characteristic of a physical recording medium is made to vary in a manner analogous to the variations in air pressure of the original sound.
A digital recording is produced by converting the physical properties of the original sound into a sequence of numbers, which can then be stored and read back for reproduction.
Analog is more widespread today.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
Tapes of ½”, 1″ and 2″ width are available in many professional formulations, especially but not only formulations of 35 µm thickness (the thickness known as long play when used as ¼” tape).
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
1) never handle the tape surface
2)do not smoke or eat in the tape area
3)carry the tape reel by the hub
4) trim damaged tape ends to avoid debris in the tape
5)don’t stack tapes on top of another
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
wow and flutter- This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms.
5) What is bias?
sound wave(frequency)
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
is the process of converting a (usually digitial) signal from one sampling rate to another samples per second.
7) What is quantization?
Quantization is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording- where a property or characteristic of a physical recording medium is made to vary in a manner analogous to the variations in air pressure of the original sound.
Digital Recording- produced by converting the physical properties of the original sound into a sequence of numbers, which can then be stored and read back for reproduction.
Audio Data Rate-a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission between bandwidth.
Bandwidth- data transfer rate – the amount of data that can be carried from one point to another in a given time period (usually a second).
Bias Current- current fed to electronic device: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device, used to ensure the device functions with the desired characteristics
Calibration- is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape- is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 16, 2010 at 3:43 pm
Amanda Gil per.4
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?
½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths
3) name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
1)never handle a tape surface
2) do not smoke or eat in the tape area
3)carry the tape reel by the hub
4)trim damaged tape ends to avoid deposting debris
5)dont stack tapes on top of the other
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?
is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices
5) What is bias?
is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?
is the process of converting a (usually digital) signal from one sampling rate to another it defines the number of samples per second
7) What is quantization?
is the procedure of constraining something from a continuous set of values (such as the real numbers) to a discrete set (such as the integers)
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording:is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording:the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers
Audio Data Rate:is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
Bandwidth:a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps)
Bias Current: a current that is independent of output and is fed to a semiconductor or other electronic device
Calibration:is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment
Digital Audiotape:is a signal recording and playback medium
February 16, 2010 at 3:44 pm
jose mendez abrica p.4
1. analog you can like do it with out
2.
3.
February 16, 2010 at 3:47 pm
Saul Rivas
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? Analog is using cassettes and tapes, Digital is using computers and programs. Digital recording is used more because people use computers and the analog equipment is ancient.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? 1/4,” 1/2″, 1″, 2″, 3″
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. Don’t let it in a hot place, don’t soak it, Do not smoke, keep it in dust proof container, do not stack em.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused? It is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.)
5) What is bias? The way the signal of sound is transmitted or something.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio? When analog sound is turned into digital.
7) What is quantization? The process of approximating a continuous range of values (or a very large set of possible discrete values) by a relatively-small set of discrete symbols or integer values.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording: Recording with tapes or cassettes
Digital Recording: recording with computer & programs
Audio Data Rate: The relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth: The difference between the upper & lower frequency limits of an audio component.
Bias Current: An extremely high frequency AC current
Calibration: Adjusting equipment
Digital Audiotape: The cassette tape used with rotary-head digital audiotape recorder
February 16, 2010 at 3:48 pm
Mariela magdaleno
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? Analog is using cassettes and tapes, Digital is using computers and programs. Digital recording is used more because people use computers and the analog equipment is ancient.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? 1/4,” 1/2″, 1″, 2″, 3″
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. Don’t let it in a hot place, don’t soak it, Do not smoke, keep it in dust proof container, do not stack em.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused? It is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.)
5) What is bias? The way the signal of sound is transmitted.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio? When analog sound is turned into digital.
7) What is quantization? The process of approximating a continuous range of values (or a very large set of possible discrete values) by a relatively-small set of discrete symbols or integer values.
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording: Recording with tapes or cassettes
Digital Recording: recording with computer & programs
Audio Data Rate: The relationship between sampling rate and quantization.
Bandwidth: The difference between the upper & lower frequency limits of an audio component.
Bias Current: An extremely high frequency AC current
Calibration: Adjusting equipment
Digital Audiotape: The cassette tape used with rotary-head digital audiotape recorder
February 16, 2010 at 3:54 pm
Ruben Reyes Period 4
1[The difference between analog and digital is that the analog it waveform and that the digital samples of the analog signal
February 16, 2010 at 3:55 pm
javier linares per 4
1)An analog or analogue signal is any time continuous signal where some time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity. Digital signals are digital representations of discrete-time signals, which are often derived from analog signals. digital that is what i think is more widespread.
2) ¼” ½”, 1″ and 2″, and 3″ 35 mm width.
3) never handle a the tape surface-front or back. do not smoke or eat in the tap area. carry the tape reel by the hub. always store tape in dust-proof container when it is not in use. keep tape away from heat.
4) slow changes are called wow. faster changes are called flutter. it is caused by the speed it has.
5) the response of magnetic particles on recording tap and magnetic film is nonlinear their magnetic energy is not a perfect analog of the signal from the record head.
6) takes periodic samples (voltages) of the original analog signal at fixed intervals and converts them to digital data. some sampling rates used are 48 khz and 20 khz and 40 khz.
7)the assigned value is in the form of binary digits or bites.
February 16, 2010 at 3:57 pm
cynthia maduena period4
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?The primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form. Digital is more widespread.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? half inch, one inch, 1/4, and 2 inch.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. never handle tape surface front or back. do not smoke or eat in tape area. carry tape reel by the hub. avoid depositing debris on tape transport. store tape in dust-proof container.Do not stack tapes on top of one another.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?Wow and Flutter is an EP by the post-rock band Stereolab, released in 1994. ow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.). This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow Wow. In digital systems, which are locked to crystal oscillators, wow and flutter are usually significantly more subtle, and are referred to as jitter.
5) What is bias? the inaudible dc or ac signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio? the selection of a suitable sample for study.
7) What is quantization?the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
Define the following terms:
Analog Recording: is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information …
Digital Recording: In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance
Audio Data Rate:the relationship between sampling between sampling rate and quantization
Bandwidth: the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel
Bias Current: an extreme high frequency AC current
Calibration:adjusting equipment a console and a recorder according to a standard so that their measurements are similar.
Digital Audiotape: the cassette tape used with the rotary-head digital audiotape recorder.
February 16, 2010 at 3:59 pm
Alberto Silva P4
1-In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form. So, for example, in an analog tape recorder, a signal is taken straight from the microphone and laid onto tape. The wave from the microphone is an analog wave, and therefore the wave on the tape is analog as well. That wave on the tape can be read, amplified and sent to a speaker to produce the sound.
In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. On a CD, the sampling rate is 44,000 samples per second. So on a CD, there are 44,000 numbers stored per second of music. To hear the music, the numbers are turned into a voltage wave that approximates the original wave.
-Digital its more widespread today
2-tape widths of ½”, 1″ and 2″, and at least one 3″ machine was available for a time. There is also a 35 mm width.
3-Handling
It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only.[2] Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mechanism.
4-Wow (recording) and flutter (electronics and communication), irregularities in the playback speed of analog recordings
5-The inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities o amplification or the medium
6-Sample rate conversion is the process of converting a (usually digital) signal from one sampling rate to another, while changing the information carried by the signal as little as possible. When applied to an image, this process is sometimes called image scaling
7-In digital signal processing, quantization is the process of approximating (“mapping”) a continuous range of values (or a very large set of possible discrete values) by a relatively small (“finite”) set of (“values which can still take on continuous range”) discrete symbols or integer values. For example, rounding a real number in the interval [0,100] to an integer
–Analog recording methods store audio signals as a continual wave in or on the media. The wave might be stored as a physical texture on a phonograph record, or a fluctuation in the field strength of a magnetic recording. This is different from digital recording, which converts audio signals into discrete numbers.
–In digital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
–Audio data rate: Audio compression is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files. Audio compression algorithms are implemented in computer software as audio codecs. Generic data compression algorithms perform poorly with audio data, seldom reducing data size much below 87% from the original,[citation needed] and are not designed for use in real time applications. Consequently, specifically optimized audio lossless and lossy algorithms have been created. Lossy algorithms provide greater compression rates and are used in mainstream consumer audio devices
–Bandwidth (computing) or digital bandwidth: a rate of data transfer, throughput or bit rate, measured in bits per second (bps)
–Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point. The operating point of a device, also known as bias point, quiescent point, or simply Q-point, is the point on the output characteristics that shows the direct current (DC) collector-emitter voltage (VCE) and the collector current (IC) with no input signal applied. The term is normally used in connection with devices such as transistors.
–Calibration is the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
–Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.[1] In appearance it is similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5 mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog. DAT has the ability to record at higher, equal or lower sampling rates than a CD (48, 44.1 or 32 kHz sampling rate respectively) at 16 bits quantization. If a digital source is copied then the DAT will produce an exact clone, unlike other digital media such as Digital Compact Cassette or non-Hi-MD MiniDisc, both of which use lossy data compression.
February 16, 2010 at 3:59 pm
huerta mauricio p4
1. in digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form
2.¼”,½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths
4. The deviation of frequency resulting from irregular motion in the recording or from deformation of the recording medium
5. biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point.
6. sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a different sound
7.quantization is the process of approximating (“mapping”) a continuous range of values
analog recording- is a technique used to store signals of audio or video
digital recording- the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers
Audio Data Rate-the rate at which circuits or other devices operate when handling digital information
bandwidth- a data transmission rate; the maximum amount of information (bits/second) that can be transmitted along a channel
Bias Current-Biasing in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an
calibration- the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument
Digital Audiotape-A type of digital storage media
February 16, 2010 at 4:05 pm
reynaldo Hernandez
1[analog is to waveform to resembles and digital samples of the original analog signal are encoded as pulse
February 16, 2010 at 4:07 pm
Walter Canas
1.)In analog technology, a wave is recorded or used in its original form, In digital technology, the analog wave is sampled at some interval, and then turned into numbers that are stored in the digital device. Digital
2.)½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths
3.) Do not smoke or eat in the tape area. Smoke and food particles can contaminate the tape and also cause damage. Carry the tape reel by the hub. Always store tape in a dust – proof container when it is not in use. keep tape away from heat – generating equipment and magnetic fields when not in us.
4.) Wow- Starting a recording sound before it reaches full speed.Frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting faster variations in the speed of the tape transport. Flutter-Frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from slower variations in the speed of the transport.
5.) The inaudible DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6.) Examining an analog signal at regular intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
7.)Converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
February 16, 2010 at 4:14 pm
Andres Zepeda p4
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of “1”s and “0”s.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?1/2″,1″and 2″
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.1)do not smoke or eat in the tape area.Smoke and food particles can contaminate the tape and also cause damage.2)carry the tape reel by the hub.3)trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads.4)always store tape in a dust proof container when it is not in use.5)do not stack tapes on tops of one another.store tapes vertically so they be supported by the hub
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?constant tape movement and tension are critical to acceptable recording.if a problem result from any change in the constant transport speed during recording
5) What is bias?before examining the function of each magnetic head
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?defines the number of samples per second (or per other unit) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal.
7) Quantization is the process of converting a continuous analog audio signal to a digital signal with discrete numerical values.
February 16, 2010 at 4:21 pm
juan flores prd 4
1..The difference between analog and digital technologies is that analog technologies record waveforms as they are, while digital technologies convert analog waveforms into sets of numbers, recording the numbers instead. Digital is more used today!
2..Ten and a half inch reels, almost always with metal flanges, which fitted over a hub three inches in diameter. These reels and hubs were similar to those used for wider tape formats such as ½”, 1″ and 2″ tape widths, and were principally used for professional and studio applications.
3..It is advised that open reels are handled by the center hub area or by the outer edges of the reel flanges, if necessary, and that the actual tape is not touched. If the outer flanges must be used, do not squeeze the edges of the reel flanges together, as it will damage the edges of the tape. If possible, handle by the center hub only. Similarly, it is recommended that cassettes be handled by the existing outer plastic case and that fingers not be placed anywhere inside the cassette mecha.
5..The inaudioble DC or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium.
6..Taking other peoples work and use for there own benifit.
7.Converting a waveform that its infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
8..is a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
9..gital recording, the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image.
10..Audio compression is a form of data compression designed to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement of digital audio streams and the storage size of audio files.
11..THe difference between tha upper and lower frequency limits of an audio component.
12.AN EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCY AC CURRENT , FAR BEYOND AUDIABILITY.
13..Adjusting equipment for example a console and a recorder.
14..The cassett tape used with the rotaery digital audotape recorder.
February 16, 2010 at 4:24 pm
manuel miranda
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today? analog is waveform of the signal being process resemble the original sound. digital is entirely different the tape medium and some tape records used in analog and digital recordings have a # of features in common.
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in? 1/4, 1/2, 1 and 2 inch
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape. 1 do not smoke or eat in the tape area 2 carry the tape reel by the hub 3 store tape in a dust-proof container when its not in used 4 do not stack tapes on top of another 5 keep tape away from heat- generation equipment
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused? wow is slow changes and flutter is faster changes
5) What is bias? added to the audio signal during recording
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?takes periodic samples of the original analog signal at fixed intervals and covert them to digital data.
7) What is quantization? the assign value is in the form of binary digit,or bits.
Analog Recording; waveform of the recorded signal resembles the waveform of original signal
Digital Recording; method of recording in which samples of original
Audio Data Rate; higher sampling rate does not necessarily ensure better frequency response the word length is short
Bandwidth; different between the upper and lower frequency limits
Bias Current; high frequency ac current
Calibration;console and a recorder
Digital Audiotape; cassette tape used with the rotary-head digital audiotape recorder.
February 16, 2010 at 4:24 pm
arturo Miranda
1) What is the difference between analog and digital? Which is more widespread today?
2) What are the widths that audiotape is available in?open reel audio comes in four width.2 in. width is used professionally in analog recording today.
3) Name 5 ways to properly handle audiotape.
4) What is wow and flutter? How is it caused?Wow is starting a recorded sound before it reaches full speed.Flutter is frequency changes in an analog tape recording resulting from slower variation in the speed.
5) What is bias?a signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification.
6) What is sampling? What are the common sampling rates used in digital audio?The rate at which the fixed intervals sample the original signal each second.
7) What is quantization?The assigned value is in the form of binary digits or bits.
February 16, 2010 at 4:25 pm
Sanchez, Hector p.4
1.Analog is the old way of recording and digital is the new way. Digital is the mostly used toay.
2.half inch, inch , and quarter inch.
3.Do not smoke, carry it by the hub, store tape in dust proof container, do not stack tapes, and keep tape away fro heat.
4.wow is slow changes and flutter is fast changes.
5. Bias is the response of magnetic particles on recording tape is nonlinear.
6. Sampling is when you take samples of the original analog signal at fixed intervala and converts them to digital data.
7. Quantization is when samples of the wave form are converted into discrete quantaties and assigned values.
Analog recording:s a technique used to store signals of audio or video information for later playback.
Digital Recording:the analog signal of video or sound is converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes in chroma and luminance values (video) or air pressure (audio) through time, thus making an abstract template for the original sound or moving image..
Audio Data Rate: What determines the bit rate of the audio
Bandwidth:is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it
Bias Current:in electronics is the method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or currents at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point
Calibration:s the validation of specific measurement techniques and equipment. At the simplest level, calibration is a comparison between measurements-one of known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second device.
Digital Audiotape: is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987
February 16, 2010 at 4:29 pm
Gutierrez, Jose P.4
1. Analog Is Record Right While Is Happing. Digital U Can Record It Any Time You Want. Digital Recording Is More WideSpread.
2. ¼, ½, ⅛
3. No Smoken Or Eatting, Carry Tape By Hub, Trim Damage Tapes, Store In Dust-proof Container, Dont Stack Tapes On Each Otheir.
4. Wow Is Slow An Changes And Flutter Is Fast Changes
5. The Inaudible DC Or Ac Signal Added to an Audio Signal.
6. Examining An Analog signal at regular intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
7. The process of aligning a set of musical notes to a precise setting.
Analog Recording-Recording methods store audio signals as a continual wave in or on the media.
Digital Recording-Method Of Recording With Samples Of Analog Signal.
Audio Data Rate-The relationship between sampling rate and quantization
Bandwidth-is typically measured in hertz, and may sometimes refer to passband bandwidth, sometimes to baseband bandwidth, depending on context.
Bias Current-An Extremely High Frequency AC Current
Calibration-is the validation of specific measurement techniques and
equipment.
Digital Audiotape-is a signal recording and playback medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987.
February 24, 2010 at 11:27 am
ADELA RAMIREZ
1)the primary difference between analog and digital signals is that analog signals play recorded materials in their original form while digital signals play materials in a re-sample form. This accounts for the difference in quality between analog and digital signals, because digital broadcasts can be re-mastered to enhance sound and visual quality. Analog signals are more limited because they can only play what has been recorded as it was originally recorded.
2)All tape thicknesses here refer to the total tape thickness unless otherwise specified, including the base, the oxide coating and any back coating. In the USA, tape thickness is often expressed as the thickness of the base alone. However, this varies from manufacturer to manufacturer and also between tape formulations from the same manufacturer. Outside of the USA, the overall thickness is more often quoted, and is the more relevant measurement when relating the thickness to the length that can be fitted onto a reel or into a cassette.
Contents [hide]
1 Reel to reel ¼”
1.1 Long play, double play, triple play
1.2 Reel size compatibility
2 Studio tape formats
3 Compact audio cassettes
4 Microcassettes
5 Tape speeds
6 See also
7 External links
3)Do n ot smoke or eat in the tape area, carry the tape reel by the hub, trim damaged tape ends to avoid depositing debris on the tape transport and record heads,always store tape in a dust -proof container when it is not in use, and do not stack types on top of one another.
4)Wow and flutter measurement is carried out on audio tape machines, cassette recorders and players, and other analog recording and reproduction devices with rotary components (e.g. movie projectors, turntables (vinyl recording), etc.). This measurement quantifies the amount of ‘frequency wobble’ (caused by speed fluctuations) present in subjectively valid terms. Turntables tend to suffer mainly slow Wow
5)The inaudible dc or AC signal added to an audio signal to overcome nonlinearities of amplification or the medium .
6)Sampling-examining an analog signal at regular intervals defined by the sampling frequency.
7) Quantization-converting a waveform that is infinitely variable into a finite series of discrete levels.
8) Analog recording- a method of recording in which the waveform of the recorded signal resembles the waveform of the original signal
9)Digital recording-a method of recording in which the samples of the original analog signal are encoded as pulses and then decoded during playback
10)Audio data rate-could find
11)bANDWITH-The difference between the upper and the lower frequency limits of an audio.
12)BIASS CURRENT-an extremely high frequency AC current far beyond audibility, added during a tape recording to linearize the magnetic info.
13)Calibration-Adjusting equipment -for example a console and a recorder -according to a standard so that their measurements are similar.
14)Digital Audiotape-the cassette tape used with the rotary -head digital audiotape recorder.
February 28, 2010 at 9:25 pm
iPhone mac fan
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